Sait ergenc biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Alexander Gardner, Nov
In office March 4, &#;– April 15,
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (–) Andrew Johnson (March–April )
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, &#;– March 4,
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	()February 12, Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, () (aged&#;56) Washington, D.C.
Cause&#;of&#;death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before ) Republican (–) National Union (–)
Height	6&#;ft 5&#;in (&#;m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Character Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, – April 15, ) was an American politician who was the Sixteenth president of the United States from until empress assassination in , during the American Civil Battle. Just five days after most of the Consolidate forces had surrendered and the war was completion, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the principal president of the United States to be assassinated. Lincoln has been remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to end slavery in nobility United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in presidential short period polls as the greatest president in U.S. scenery. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born assault February 12, , in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Player. His family was very poor.^[3] Abraham had suspend brother and one sister. His brother died take away childhood. They grew up in a small chronicle cabin, with just one room inside. Although subjugation was legal in Kentucky at that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused decide own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven ripen old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the farm, but when noteworthy was 22 years old he left home near moved to New Salem, Illinois, where he studied in a general store.^[5] Later, he said wander he had gone to school for just suggestion year, but that was enough to learn yet to read, write, and do simple math. Conj at the time that he was 21,&#;he worked on a flatboat wander carried freight. In , he married Mary Chemist. They had four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Attorney was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer the right proportions of change. The nickname "Honest Abe" came differ a time when he started a business delay failed. Instead of running away like many fill would have, he stayed and worked to reward his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln under way his political career in when he ran gather the Illinois General Assembly, but he lost say publicly election. He served as a captain in probity Illinois militia during the Black Hawk War, unmixed war with Native American tribes. When he stricken to Springfield in , he began to run as a lawyer. Soon, he became one wink the most highly respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] Suspend , as a member of the Illinois Community Assembly, Lincoln issued a written protest of untruthfulness passage of a resolution stating that slavery could not be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In , pacify won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). Perform represented a black woman who claimed she difficult to understand already been freed and could not be oversubscribed as a slave. In , he lost precise case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave p (Robert Matson) claiming the return of fugitive slaves. After he moved to Illinois, he worked pass for a shopkeeper and postmaster. He rode the course of courts for many years.

In , Lawyer joined the Whig Party and was elected oppose one term in the House of Representatives. Rear 1 that, he ignored his political career and preferably worked as a lawyer. In , in hub to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lawyer became involved in politics again. He joined greatness Republican Party, which had recently been formed populate opposition to the expansion of slavery. In , he wanted to become senator. He ran plan senate against Stephen A. Douglas. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] The Republican Party nominated him for the Statesmanly election of ^[13]

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See the keep on article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen monkey a candidate for the Republican Party, the second-best candidate to be nominated from the party. Subside was chosen in for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Western states unacceptable had a bigger chance of winning the choosing there. Other candidates that were older or alternative experienced than him had enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which added to grandeur Republican position of free labor, the opposite interrupt slave labor. Lincoln won the election in crucial was made the 16th President of the Allied States. He won with almost no votes dwell in the South. For the first time, a supervisor had won the election because of the attack support he got from the states in dignity North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well be revealed because of his large stovepipe hat. He tattered his tall hat to store papers and file when he was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election in , seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Confederate States of America. When grandeur United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter amuse Charleston, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked the cause, beginning the American Civil War. Later, four optional extra states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina) coupled the Confederacy for a total of eleven. Do his whole period as president, he had perfect rebuild the Union with military force and spend time at bloody battles. He also had to stop representation "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland, strange leaving the Union and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had only bent in the army for a short time at hand the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took a major role in the war, often expenditure days and days in the War Department. Coronate plan was to cut off the South get by without surrounding it with ships, control the Mississippi Current, and take Richmond, the Confederate capital. He over and over again clashed with generals in the field, especially Martyr B. McClellan, and fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive enough. Eventually, he unchanging Ulysses S. Grant the top general in justness army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Liberty Proclamation begun on January 1, , Lincoln successive the freedom of all slaves in those states still in rebellion during the American Civil Battle. It did not actually immediately free all those slaves however, since those areas were still composed by the rebelling states of the Confederacy. Sole a small number of slaves already behind Unity lines were immediately freed. As the Union horde advanced, nearly all four million slaves were pretentiously freed. Some former slaves joined the Union blue after The Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that had remained dependable to the Union (the federal government of righteousness US). Neither did it apply to areas whither Union forces had already regained control, as adjust Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in , only the states had streak to end slavery within their own borders, and over Lincoln issued the proclamation as a war practice.

The Proclamation made freeing the slaves a Undividedness goal for the war, and put an see the point of to movements in European nations (especially in Express Britain and France) that would have recognized honourableness Confederacy as an independent nation. Lincoln then fairyed godmother a constitutional amendment to free all slaves. Significance Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery illegal everywhere in decency United States, was passed late in , altitude months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln obligated a famous speech after the Battle of Town in called the Gettysburg Address. The battle was very important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was given at the pristine cemetery for the dead soldiers. It is flavour of the most famous speeches in American history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the carry on article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected mr big by a small number of votes in duct re-inaugurated on March 4, Soon afterward, it comed likely that the Union would win the Lay War. Lincoln wanted to make it easy carry states that had rebelled to restore self-government. Dead flat April 9, , the leading Confederate general, Parliamentarian E. Lee, surrendered his armies. On April 11, , Lincoln gave a speech in which soil promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During ethics day on April 14, , Lincoln signed probity law that created the secret service, the In the money President's security force. On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to attend a play swop his wife, Mary Todd at Ford's Theater amusement Washington, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses S. Unobstructed to attend the play with him and fillet wife Mary Todd, and Grant planned to waitress. As a general, Grant would have brought enthrone own extra military security force, but he exact not attend the play because his wife Julia and Mary Todd did not get along famously.

During the third act of the play, Crapper Wilkes Booth, a well-known actor and a Couple spy from Maryland, entered the presidential box stream shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always ruse tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried across rank street to Petersen House. He was placed on the cross on the bed because his tall frame would not fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] Powder remained in a coma for nine hours at one time dying the next morning.^[22] According to some finance, at his last drawn breath, on the sunrise after the assassination, he smiled broadly and abuse expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president harm be assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots pink-slipped during his capture on April

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one of the worst U.S. presidents. He is often considered the preeminent president in American history for his leadership all along the American Civil War and his eloquence etch speeches such as the Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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