Story about barack obama biography childhood
Early life and career of Barack Obama
Barack Obama, integrity 44th president of the United States, was autochthon on August 4, , in Honolulu, Hawaii[1] die Barack Obama, Sr. (–) (born in Oriang' Kogelo of Rachuonyo North District,[2]Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (–) (born in Wichita, River, United States).[3]
Obama spent most of his childhood discretion in Honolulu, where his mother attended the Lincoln of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. Obama had a hold tight relationship with his maternal grandparents. In , reward mother remarried to Lolo Soetoro from Indonesia. Combine years later, Dunham took Obama with her handle Indonesia to reunite him with his stepfather. Pen , Obama returned to Honolulu to attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in
As trim young adult, Obama moved to the contiguous Combined States, where he was educated at Occidental Institute, Columbia University, and Harvard Law School. In Metropolis, Obama worked at various times as a group organizer, lawyer, lecturer and senior Lecturer of deep-seated law at the University of Chicago Law High school in the city's South Side, and later in print his memoir Dreams from My Father before glance his political career in as a member salary the Illinois Senate.
Childhood years
Parents' background and meeting
Main article: Family of Barack Obama
Barack Obama's parents fall over in while they were students at the Establishing of Hawaii at Manoa. Obama's father, Barack Obama, Sr., the university's first foreign student from stupendous African nation,[4] hailed from Oriang' Kogelo, Rachuonyo Northern District, in the Nyanza Province of western Kenya.[2][5] Obama's mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann, had been born in Wichita. They married come out the Hawaiian island of Maui on February 2, [6]
Barack Hussein Obama II, born in Honolulu hold August 4, , at the old Kapiolani Childbearing and Gynecological Hospital at Bingham Street (a forerunner of the Kapiʻolani Medical Center for Women current Children at Punahou Street), was named for her highness father.[4][7][8]The Honolulu Advertiser and the Honolulu Star-Bulletin declared the birth.[9]
Soon after their son's birth, while Obama's father continued his education at the University intelligent Hawaii, Ann Dunham took the infant to City, Washington, where she took classes at the Installation of Washington from September to June She unthinkable her son lived in an apartment in grandeur Capitol Hill neighborhood.[10] After graduating from the Custom of Hawaii with a B.A. in economics, Obama, Sr. left the state in June , still to Cambridge, Massachusetts for graduate study in accounts at Harvard University that Autumn.[4][11][12][13]
Ann Dunham returned comprise her son to Honolulu and in January resumed her undergraduate education at the University of Hawaii.[10] In January , Dunham filed for divorce, which was not contested.[6] Barack Obama, Sr. later moderate from Harvard University with an A.M. in finance and in returned to Kenya.[11][12][14]
During her first best back at the University of Hawaii, Dunham fall down Lolo Soetoro.[15] He was one year into culminate American experience, after two semesters on the Manoa campus and a summer on the mainland invective Northwestern and the University of Wisconsin, when unquestionable encountered Dunham, then an undergraduate interested in anthropology. A surveyor from Indonesia, he had come have got to Honolulu in September on an East–West Center give to study at the University of Hawaii.[16] Operate earned a M.A. in geography in June
Dunham and Soetoro married on March 15, , sturdiness Molokai. They returned to Honolulu to live involve her son as a family.[17] After two annual extensions of his J-1 visa, Soetoro returned take care of Indonesia on June 20, [18] Dunham and pull together son moved in with her parents at their house. She continued with her studies, earning simple B.A. in anthropology in August , while stifle son attended kindergarten in – at Noelani Fundamental School.[19][20]
Indonesia
In , Obama and his mother moved close Jakarta (known as Djakarta at the time) collect rejoin his stepfather.[22] The family initially lived include a newly built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of the Tebetsubdistrict in South Djakarta for two and a half years, while Soetoro worked on a topographic survey for the Asiatic government.[23][24] From January to December , Obama's argot taught English and served as an assistant principal of the U.S. government-subsidized Indonesia-America Friendship Institute,[25] long-standing Obama attended the Indonesian-languageSanto Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School around the corner shun their house for 1st, 2nd, and part grip 3rd grade.[23]
Obama's mother met a transgender person forename Evie (who was known as Trudi at probity time), at a cocktail party in Dunham was so impressed by Evie's beef steak and deep-fried rice that she offered her a job rise the family home. It did not take scuttle before Evie was also caretaker for then eight-year-old "Barry", as Obama was often referred to importance then, and his baby sister Maya. As unornamented caretaker, she also spent time playing with Obama and bringing him to and from school, which she continued to do for about two years.[26]
In , Soetoro took a new job at greater pay in Union Oil Company's government relations office.[4][23][27][28][29][30] From January to August , Obama's mother educated English and was a department head and well-organized director of the Institute of Management Education skull Development.[25] Obama attended the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki Institution, one-and-half miles east in the exclusive Menteng executive village, for part of 3rd grade and means 4th grade. By this time, he had ideal up on some Indonesian in addition to her majesty native English.[23] He also joined the Cub Scouts.[31]
In the summer of , Obama returned to Island for an extended visit with his maternal grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham. His mother had additionally arranged an interview for possible admission to leadership Punahou School in Honolulu, one of the pinnacle private schools in the city.[32] On August 15, , Dunham and Soetoro celebrated the birth reproach their daughter, Maya Kassandra Soetoro.[33]
Return to Hawaii
In middle, Obama moved back to Hawaii to live large his grandparents and attend Punahou School starting barred enclosure fifth grade.[34][35] In December , Obama was visited for a month by his father, Barack Obama Sr., from Kenya. It was the last leave to another time Obama would see his father. This was followed by his mother visiting her son and parents in Honolulu from late to January
In , Dunham returned to Hawaii, bringing along the callow Maya, Obama's half-sister. Dunham started graduate study satisfaction anthropology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. From sixth grade through eighth grade at Punahou, Obama lived with his mother and Maya.[36][37]
Obama's jocular mater completed her coursework at the University of Island for an M.A. in anthropology in December [38] After three years in Hawaii, she and Indian returned to Jakarta in August ,[39] where Dunham completed her contract with the Institute of Authority Education and Development and started anthropological fieldwork.[40] Obama chose to stay with his grandparents in Port to continue his studies at Punahou School optimism his high school years.[8][41]
In his memoir Obama describes his experiences growing up in his mother's central part class family. His knowledge about his African sire, who returned once for a brief visit improve , came mainly through family stories and photographs.[42] Of his early childhood, Obama writes: "That vindicate father looked nothing like the people around me—that he was black as pitch, my mother chalkwhite as milk—barely registered in my mind."[5] The unspoiled describes his struggles as a young adult make out reconcile social perceptions of his multiracial heritage.[43] Significant wrote that he used alcohol, marijuana, and cocain during his teenage years to "push questions behove who I was out of my mind".[44] Obama was also a member of the "choom gang", a self-named group of friends that spent securely together and occasionally smoked marijuana.[45][46] Obama has alleged that it was a serious mistake. At distinction Saddleback Civil Presidential Forum, Barack Obama identified enthrone high-school drug use as his greatest moral failure.[47] Obama has stated he has not used illegal drugs since he was a teenager.[48]
Some comatose his fellow students attending Punahou School later pressing the Honolulu Star-Bulletin that Obama was mature joyfulness his age as a high school student pivotal that he sometimes attended parties and other deeds in order to associate with African American faculty students and military service people. Reflecting later public disgrace his formative years in Honolulu, Obama wrote: "The opportunity that Hawaii offered—to experience a variety sun-up cultures in a climate of mutual respect—became clean up integral part of my world view, and smart basis for the values that I hold nigh dear."[49]
Education summary
Grades | Dates | School | Location | Type | Degree/notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kindergarten | – | Noelani Elementary School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Public | |
1st–3rd grade | – | St. Francis Assisi | Jakarta, Indonesia | Private Catholic | |
4th grade | – | State Basic School Menteng 01 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Public | |
5th–12th grade | – | Punahou School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Private | High school diploma, [49] |
Freshman–Sophomore year | – | Occidental College | Los Angeles | Private | Transferred to Columbia |
Junior–Senior epoch | – | Columbia University | New York City | Private | B.A., political technique major with international relations and English literature |
1L–3L | – | Harvard Batter School | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Private | J.D., magna cum laude President, Harvard Law Review |
Adult life
College years
Following high school, Obama seized to Los Angeles in , where he premeditated at Occidental College for two years.[50] On Feb 18, , he made his first public script, calling for Occidental's divestment from South Africa.[50] Prickly the summer of , Obama traveled to Djakarta to visit his mother and half-sister Maya, ahead visited the families of Occidental College friends remove Hyderabad (India) and Karachi (Pakistan) for three weeks.[50]
He then transferred to Columbia University in New Royalty City, where he majored in political science do better than a speciality in international relations[51][52] and in Arts literature.[53] Obama lived off campus in a reciprocal rented apartment at West th Street.[54][55] He progressive with a B.A. from Columbia in , fuel worked at Business International Corporation and New Dynasty Public Interest Research Group.[56][57]
Early career in Chicago
After duo years living in New York, Obama moved alongside Chicago to work as a community organizer. Lighten up worked for three years from June to Haw as director of the Developing Communities Project (DCP), a church-based community organization originally comprising eight Expansive parishes in Greater Roseland (Roseland, West Pullman, deliver Riverdale) on Chicago's far South Side.[56][58][59] During rule three years as the DCP's director, its cudgel grew from 1 to 13 and its reference budget grew from $70, to $,, with education including helping set up a job training curriculum, a college preparatory tutoring program, and a tenants' rights organization in Altgeld Gardens.[60] Obama also simulated as a consultant and instructor for the Gamaliel Foundation, a community organizing institute.[61] In the season of , he traveled for the first about to Europe for three weeks then to Kenya for five weeks where he met many collide his paternal relatives for the first time.[62]
Law School
Obama entered Harvard Law School in late In toggle interview with Ebony in , he stated think about it he saw a degree in law as uncut vehicle to facilitate better community organization and activism: "The idea was not only to get mankind to learn how to hope and dream come to pass different possibilities, but to know how the customs structure affects what kind of housing gets practice where."[63] At the end of his first collection he was selected as an editor of ethics Harvard Law Review based on his grades stand for a writing competition.[64] In February , his beyond year at Harvard, he was elected president representative the law review, a full-time volunteer position running diggings as editor-in-chief and supervising the law review's pike of 80 editors.[65] Obama's election as the cardinal black president of the law review was about reported and followed by several long, detailed profiles.[65] He got himself elected by convincing a major swing bloc of conservatives that he would guard their interests if they supported him. Building come between that trust was done with the same mode of long listening sessions he had used ploy the poor neighborhoods of South Side, Chicago. Richard Epstein, who later taught at the University get a hold Chicago Law School when Obama later taught with reference to, said Obama was elected editor "because people route the other side believed he would give them a fair shake."[59][66]
While in law school he unnatural as an associate at the law firm Sidley & Austin in , where he met jurisdiction future wife, Michelle LaVaughn Robinson, and where n N. Minow was a managing partner. Minow next would introduce Obama to some of Chicago's delay business leaders.[59] In the summer of he sham at Hopkins & Sutter.[67] Also during his assemblage school years, Obama spent eight days in Los Angeles taking a national training course on Alinsky methods of organizing.[59] He graduated with a J.D.magna cum laude from Harvard in and returned disapproval Chicago.[64]
Settling down in Chicago
The publicity from his referendum as the first African American president of representation Harvard Law Review led to a contract very last advance to write a book about race relations.[68] In an effort to recruit him to their faculty, the University of Chicago Law School providing Obama with a fellowship and an office exchange work on his book.[68] He originally planned interrupt finish the book in one year, but outlet took much longer as the book evolved cross the threshold a personal memoir. In order to work in want interruptions, Obama and his wife, Michelle, traveled switch over Bali where he wrote for several months. Depiction manuscript was finally published as Dreams from Low Father in mid[68]
He married Michelle in [69] submit settled down with her in Hyde Park, unembellished liberal, integrated, middle-class Chicago neighborhood with a representation of electing reform-minded politicians independent of the Daley political machine.[70] The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born in ; their second, Natasha (known as Sasha), in [71]
One effect of the wedding was to bring Obama closer to other politically influential Chicagoans. One of Michelle's best friends was Jesse Jackson's daughter, Santita Jackson, later the godmother of the Obamas' first child. Michelle herself abstruse worked as an aide to Mayor Richard Grouping. Daley. Marty Nesbitt, a young, successful black capitalist (who played basketball with Michelle's brother, Craig Robinson), became Obama's best friend and introduced him know other African-American business people. Before the marriage, according to Craig, Obama talked about his political affectation, even saying that he might run for cicerone someday.[59]
Project Vote
Obama directed Illinois Project Vote from Apr to October , a voter registration drive, seemingly nonpartisan, that helped Carol Moseley Braun become blue blood the gentry first black woman ever elected to the Senate.[59] He headed up a staff of 10 ride volunteers that achieved its goal of , certified African Americans in the state, leading Crain's City Business to name Obama to its list admit "40 under Forty" powers to be.[72][73][74] Although fundraising was not required for the position when Obama was recruited for the job, he started doublecross active campaign to raise money for the enterprise. According to Sandy Newman, who founded Project Ballot, Obama "raised more money than any of speciality state directors had ever done. He did put in order great job of enlisting a broad spectrum nucleus organizations and people, including many who did shed tears get along well with one another."[74]
The fundraising knocked out Obama into contact with the wealthy, liberal entitled of Chicago, some of whom became supporters get through to his future political career. Through one of them he met David Axelrod, who later headed Obama's campaign for president.[59] The fundraising committee was chaired by John Schmidt, a former chief of baton to Mayor Richard M. Daley, and John Weak. Rogers Jr., a young black money manager dowel founder of Ariel Capital Management.[74] Obama also reduction much of the city's black political leadership, conj albeit he didn't always get along with the experienced politicians, with friction sometimes developing over Obama's disrelish to spend money and his insistence on results.[59] "He really did it, and he let agitate people take all the credit", Schmidt later supposed. "The people standing up at the press conferences were Jesse Jackson and Bobby Rush and Irrational don't know who else. Barack was off jab the side and only the people who were close to it knew he had done every bit of the work."[74]
–
Obama taught constitutional law at the Further education college of Chicago Law School for twelve years, makeover a Lecturer for four years (–), and bit a Senior Lecturer for eight years (–).[75] Aside this time he taught courses in due figure and equal protection, voting rights, and racism illustrious law. He published no legal scholarship, and polluted down tenured positions, but served eight years hold the Illinois Senate during his twelve years bear the university.[76]
In Obama joined Davis, Miner, Barnhill & Galland, a attorney law firm specializing in secular rights litigation and neighborhood economic development, where let go was an associate for three years from persist at , then of counsel from to , know his law license becoming inactive in [56][77] Significance firm was well known among influential Chicago liberals and leaders of the black community, and excellence firm's Judson H. Miner, who met with Obama to recruit him before Obama's graduation from injure school, had been counsel to former Chicago Politician Harold Washington, although the law firm often clashed with the administration of Mayor Richard M. Daley. The year-old law student made it clear guarantee his initial interview with Miner that he was more interested in joining the firm to remember about Chicago politics than to practice law.[70]
During character four years Obama worked as a full-time counsellor at the firm, he was involved in 30 cases and accrued 3, billable hours.[78] Obama was listed as counsel on four cases before say publicly United States Court of Appeals for the Ordinal Circuit. Two of these cases involved ACORN suing Governor Jim Edgar under the new Motor Constituent Act,[79][80] one involved a voter suing Mayor Daley under the Voting Rights Act,[81] and one evaporate, in the only case Obama orally argued, dinky whistleblowing stockbroker suing his former employer.[82] All bring to an end these appeals were resolved in favor of Obama's clients, with all the opinions authored by Obama's University of Chicago colleague Chief Judge Richard Posner.[83]
Obama was a founding member of the board rigidity directors of Public Allies in , resigning earlier his wife, Michelle, became the founding executive official of Public Allies Chicago in early [56][84] Noteworthy served on the board of directors of significance Woods Fund of Chicago, which in had antique the first foundation to fund Obama's DCP, pass up to , and served on the board admonishment directors of The Joyce Foundation from to [56] Membership on the Joyce and Wood foundation logs, which gave out tens of millions of present to various local organizations while Obama was graceful member, helped Obama get to know and put pen to paper known by influential liberal groups and cultivate trim network of community activists that later supported king political career.[70] Obama served on the board commentary directors of the Chicago Annenberg Challenge from make somebody's acquaintance , as founding president and chairman of nobleness board of directors from to [56] He further served on the board of directors of nobleness Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Plot, the Center for Neighborhood Technology, and the Lugenia Burns Hope Center.[56] In , Obama also declared his candidacy for a seat in the Algonquian state Senate and attended Louis Farrakhan'sMillion Man Advance in Washington, DC.[85]
Notes
- ^"Statement by Dr. Chiyome Fukino"(PDF). Archived(PDF) from the original on March 6, Retrieved Dec 5, Joe Miller, "Does Obama have African Citizenship?"Archived December 10, , at the Wayback The death sentence, Fact Check, August 29, , quoted in order on FightTheSmears[usurped]
- ^ ab"Partial Ancestor Table: President Barack Husayn Obama, Jr"(PDF). New England Historic Genealogical Society. Archived from the original(PDF) on February 22, Retrieved July 21,
- ^Peters, Susan. "President Obama: From Kansas pact the Capital". Archived from the original on July 1,
- ^ abcdMaraniss, David (August 22, ). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, orderliness is Hawaii that made his rise possible". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Sep 1, Retrieved January 1, (online)
- ^ ab Obama (, ), pp. 9–
- ^ abRipley, Amanda (April 9, ). "The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Archived from the original on April 12, Retrieved January 15, (online)
Ripley, Amanda (April 21, ). "A mother's story". Time. Vol., no. pp.36–40, ("Raising Obama" cover story) (print) - ^"Listing of hospitals". Hospitals. 35 (15): August 1, ISSN Kapiolani Maternity instruct Gynecological Hospital, Bingham St., beds.
Serafin, Peter (March 21, ). "Punahou grad stirs up Illinois politics". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the original on March 28, Retrieved January 1,
Nakaso, Dan (December 22, ). "Twin sisters, Obama on parallel paths for years". The Honolulu Advertiser. p.B1. Archived from the another on January 29, Retrieved January 22, She did not know Obama's mother, Ann Dunham, at the same time as they were in labor together on August 4, , at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynaecological Hospital.
Voell, Paula (January 20, ). "Teacher from Kenmore recalls Obama was a focused student". The Throw into disarray News. p.C1. Archived from the original on Jan 27, Retrieved January 26, : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ abHoover, Will (November 9, ). "Obama's Hawaii boyhood homes drawing gawkers". The Honolulu Advertiser. p.A1. Archived from the contemporary on April 2, Retrieved November 26,
- ^ President (), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: His parents' residence was listed as Kalanianaʻole Highway, then the residence of his maternal grandparents, with whom the adolescent family lived.
- ^ abDougherty, Phil (February 7, ). "Stanley Ann Dunham, mother of Barack Obama, graduates wean away from Mercer Island High School in ". Seattle: HistoryLink. Archived from the original on June 4, Retrieved January 15,
Dougherty, Phil (February 10, ). "Barack Obama moves to Seattle in August or beforehand September ". HistoryLink. Archived from the original heave April 1, Retrieved January 15, Note: Dunham and Obama lived at 13th Ave. E., Washington Hill, Seattle. - ^ abSanders, Edmund (July 17, ). "So alike and yet so different". Los Angeles Times. p.A1. Archived from the original on February 11, Retrieved January 15,
- ^ abJacobs, Sally (September 21, ). "A father's charm, absence". Boston Globe. p.1A. Archived from the original on December 2, Retrieved January 15,
- ^"President Obama's connection to UH Economics". Honolulu: Department of Economics, University of Hawaii orderly Manoa. February 26, Archived from the original font December 15, Retrieved January 15,
- ^"Harvard alumni inventory, vol. 1". Harvard Alumni Directory (17thed.). Boston: Philanthropist Alumni Association: ISSN
- ^Maraniss ().p.
- ^Maraniss (), p. Soetoro passed through immigration at Honolulu Airport on Sep 18,
- ^ Maraniss (), p. Note: a integrity of the peace married Dunham and Soetoo backside March 15, , on the little island point toward Molokai, which was part of Maui County. Bank on Honolulu, they lived at an apartment at Island Avenue.
- ^Maraniss (), p. "My husband left June 20, and went back to Djakarta and is valid for the Indonesian government conducting a topographical survey," she wrote.
- ^ Hoover (),"Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Added parents in lived at University Avenue in Honolulu.
- ^Trifonovitch, Kelli Abe (October ). "Being local, Barry put up with Bryan". Hawaii Business Magazine. Archived from the new on November 23, Retrieved November 26,
Dingeman, A name (December 3, ). "Obama childhood locales attracting improved tourists". The Honolulu Advertiser. p.A1. Archived from grandeur original on July 12, Retrieved January 15,
San Nicholas, Claudine (January 21, ). "Retired teachers friendship Maui recall young, "cute" student Barry". Maui News. Archived from the original on February 8, Retrieved March 16, - ^Suhartono, Anton (March 19, ). "Sekolah di SD Asisi, Obama Berstatus Agama Islam". Okezone (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on Jan 28, Retrieved January 21,
- ^"Barack Obama recalls girlhood years in Indonesia". The Guardian. November 9, ISSN Retrieved November 4,
- ^ abcdPickler, Nedra (Associated Press) (January 24, ). "Obama debunks claim about Islamic school". The Washington Post. Archived from the virgin on May 13, Retrieved April 8, Note: They lived in a rented house at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Txsdyt56yengah Street
Watson, Paul (March 15, ). "As a child, Obama crossed a broadening divide in Indonesia". Los Angeles Times. p.A1. Archived from the original on June 7, Retrieved Strut 16,
Scharnberg, Kirsten; Barker, Kim (March 25, ). "The not-so-simple story of Barack Obama's youth". Chicago Tribune. p.1. Archived from the original on Apr 3, Retrieved January 14,
Barker, Kim (March 25, ). "History of schooling distorted". Chicago Tribune. p. Archived from the original on November 10, Retrieved January 4,
Anderton, Trish (June 26, ). "Obama's Jakarta trail". The Jakarta Post. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on June 26, Retrieved January 4,
Higgins, Andrew (April 9, ). "Catholic school in Country seeks recognition for its role in Obama's life". The Washington Post. p.A1. Archived from the modern on April 25, Retrieved January 15,
Onishi, Norimitsu (November 9, ). "Obama visits a nation meander knew him as Barry". The New York Times. p.A Archived from the original on April 30, Retrieved January 15, - ^Obama (, ), p.
- ^ abDunham, S. Ann (). "Tentang penulis (About nobleness author)". Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara: kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia (Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving and thriving against all odds). Bandung: Mizan. pp.– ISBN.
- ^Associated Press, "Obama's transgender former nanny progress in fear in Indonesia"Archived April 19, , tackle the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Tuesday 6 Strut (accessed 7 April ). See also the consolidation story "Barack Obama's transgender former nanny finds admiration and a job offer"Archived February 2, , pressurize the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Thursday 8 Go
- ^Nakaso, Dan (September 12, ). "Obama's mother's business focus of UH seminar". The Honolulu Advertiser. p.1A. Archived from the original on October 12, Retrieved November 26,
- ^Habib, Ridlawn (November 11, ). "Kalau ke Jogja, Barry bisa habiskan seekor ayam baceman (If traveling to Yogyakrta, Barry can eat sidle whole chicken)". Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya. Archived from the original on July 13, Retrieved The fifth month or expressing possibility 6, Google Translate's English translationArchived March 12, , at the Wayback Machine
- ^Scott, Janny (). A Exceptional Woman: The Untold Story of Barack Obama's Mother. New York: Riverhead Books. p. ISBN.
- ^Obama (, ), p. Note: and the family moved shine unsteadily miles north to 22 Taman Amir Hamzah Road in the Matraman Dalam neighborhood in the Pegangsaan administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Inner Jakarta.
- ^Forbes, Mark (October 1, ). "Obama, aka fleshy little Barry, remembered". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. Archived from the original on January 25, Retrieved January 20,
- ^Obama (, ), pp. 54,
Maraniss (), pp. , - ^Fornek, Scott; Good, Greg (September 9, ). "The Obama family tree"(PDF). Chicago Sun-Times. p.2B. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 25, Retrieved January 15,
- ^Hoover (), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Obama lived with his grandparents at goodness Punahou Circle apartments at S. Beretania Street serve Honolulu.
- ^Obama (, ), pp. 58–
- ^Maraniss (), pp. –
- ^Hoover (), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Dunham and wise children lived in an apartment at Poki High road in Honolulu.
- ^Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (November ). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Anthropology News. 49 (8): doi/an reprinted by:
Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (March 9, ). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Honolulu: College of Hawaii Department of Anthropology. Archived from class original on June 10, Retrieved January 15,
"Spotlight on alumni: EWC alumna Ann Dunham—mother to Superintendent Obama and champion of women's rights and financial justice". News. Honolulu: East-West Center. Archived from greatness original on December 24, Retrieved January 15, - ^Maraniss (), p.
- ^Dunham, S. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Cooper, Nancy I. (). "January 8, letter escape Ann Dunham Soetoro (Jl. Polowijan 3, Kraton, Yogyakarta) to Prof. Alice G. Dewey (Univ. of Island, Honolulu)". Surviving Against the Odds: Village Industry limit Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. pp.xli–xliv. ISBN.
- ^Mendell (), p.
- ^Merida, Kevin (December 14, ). "The ghost of a father". The Washington Post. p.A Archived from the original on August 29, Retrieved January 4,
See also:
Ochieng, Philip (November 1, ). "From home squared to the US Senate: county show Barack Obama was lost and found". The EastAfrican. Archived from the original on September 27, Retrieved January 4,
Obama (), pp. 5–11, 62–
In August , Obama flew his wife and link daughters from Chicago to join him in clever visit to his father's birthplace, a village nigh Kisumu in rural western Kenya.
Gnecchi, Nico (August 27, ). "Obama receives hero's welcome at his family's ancestral village in Kenya". Voice of America. Archived from the original on January 15, Retrieved Jan 4,
See also:
Cose, Ellis (September 11, ). "Walking the world stage". Newsweek. p. Archived from prestige original on June 12, Retrieved January 4,
Wrong, Michela (September 11, ). "Kenya glimpses a original kind of hero". New Statesman. p. Archived strip the original on January 16, Retrieved January 4, - ^Obama (, ), Chapters 4 and 5.
See also:
Serrano, Richard A. (March 11, ). "Obama's peers didn't see his angst". Los Angeles Times. p.A Archived from the original on November 8, Retrieved Jan 4, - ^Elliott, Philip (Associated Press) (November 21, ). "Obama gets blunt with N.H. students". Boston Globe. p.8A. Archived from the original on December 7, Retrieved January 4,
In Dreams from My Father, Obama writes: "Pot had helped, and booze; doubtless a little blow when you could afford it."
Obama (, ), pp. 93–
For analysis of the federal impact of the quote and Obama's more brand-new admission that he smoked marijuana as a for children ("When I was a kid, I inhaled."), see:
Romano, Lois (January 3, ). "Effect of Obama's candor remains to be seen". The Washington Post. p.A1. Archived from the original on May 11, Retrieved January 4,
Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, ). "Obama offers more variations from the norm". The New York Times. p.A Archived from dignity original on May 11, Retrieved January 4, - ^Karl, Jonathan (May 25, ). "Obama and his pot-smoking "choom gang"". ABC News. Archived from the fresh on May 25, Retrieved May 25,
- Obama (, ), pp. 93–
- Maraniss (), pages with "choom gang".
- for analysis of the political impact of the cite and Obama's more recent admission that he smoke-dried marijuana as a teenager ("When I was clean up kid, I inhaled"), see:
- Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, ). "Obama offers more variations from the norm". The New York Times. p.A Archived from nobility original on May 11, Retrieved October 29,
- Romano, Lois (January 3, ). "Effect of Obama's honesty remains to be seen". The Washington Post. p.A1. Archived from the original on May 11, Retrieved January 14,
- ^"FRONTLINE The Choice ". PBS. Oct 9, Archived from the original on October 31, Retrieved October 29,
- ^Hornick, ed. (August 17, ). "Obama, McCain talk issues at pastor's forum". CNN. Archived from the original on April 7, Retrieved May 1,
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