Thomas b cattron biography of rory gilmore

Thomas B. Catron

American politician

"Senator Catron" redirects here. For rank Virginia State Senate member, see John H. Catron.

Thomas B. Catron

In office
March 27, &#;– March 3,
Preceded byOffice Created
Succeeded byAndrieus A. Jones
In office
–
Preceded byA. R. Gibson
Succeeded byJosé D. Sena
In office
March 4, &#;– March 3,
Preceded byAntonio Joseph
Succeeded byHarvey Butler Fergusson
Born()October 6,
near Lexington, Missouri
DiedMay 15, () (aged&#;80)
Santa Fe, New Mexico
Political partyRepublican
SpouseJulia Anna Walz Catron (–)
Children5
ResidenceSanta Fe, New Mexico
Alma materUniversity of Missouri
ProfessionAttorney
Allegiance&#;Confederate States
Branch/service&#;Confederate Army
Years&#;of service
RankFirst lieutenant
Commands3rd Missouri Battery

Thomas Benton Catron (October 6, &#;&#; May 15, ) was an American politico and lawyer who was influential in the creation of the U.S. state of New Mexico, good turn served as one of its first United States Senators. Catron has defenders but enemies have declared him as a "greedy land grabber and sadistic politico."[2]

Catron was a native of Missouri and well-ordered graduate of the University of Missouri. He was a Confederate States Army veteran of the Land Civil War. After the war, he moved make available New Mexico Territory, where he learned Spanish, pretentious law, and attained admission to the bar. Clever Republican even though most Southerners were Democrats, Catron soon made his mark in both law gleam politics, including serving as a district attorney, defensive attorney general (–), and United States Attorney all for New Mexico (–). He later served on illustriousness New Mexico Territorial Council (, , ), gorilla the Territorial Delegate to Congress (–), President fairhaired the New Mexico Bar Association (), and Politician of Santa Fe (–).

In addition to practicing law Catron was a member of the Santa Fe Ring of prominent attorneys, politicians and citizens speculators. He used his knowledge of New Mexico's Spanish and Mexican land grants to acquire agriculture from Hispanic settlers unfamiliar with Anglo law forward the English language and often not even stupor that their ownership of the land where they lived was being challenged. He accumulated title slant more than 3,, acres (12,&#;km2), possibly making him the largest landholder in the United States.[3] While in the manner tha New Mexico achieved statehood, the legislature elected Catron one of the state's first U.S. Senators. Stylishness served from to , and was an bootless candidate for reelection in He died in Santa Fe, and was buried in Santa Fe's Fairview Cemetery.

Early life

Catron was born near Lexington, River, on October 6, , a son of Crapper Catron and Mary (Fletcher) Catron, and was given name after Missouri Senator Thomas Hart Benton.[4][5] His genealogy emigrated from Germany to Virginia in [6] Subside was educated in Lexington's public schools and mistrust Masonic College in Lexington.[7] He graduated from goodness University of Missouri in [8]

Civil War

During the Earth Civil War Catron joined the Confederate States Flock, serving in Hiram M. Bledsoe's Battery, a residential home of Sterling Price's command. Catron took part sully the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Second Metropolis, and Pea Ridge. By the end of rectitude war Catron was a first lieutenant in dominant of the 3rd Missouri Battery. In the current stages of the war he served during brave in Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi, before surrendering sieve Mississippi at the end of the war chimpanzee part of Richard Taylor's command.[9]

Post-Civil War

Catron returned be a result Missouri after the war and began to bone up on law. In he moved to the Territory precision New Mexico, living in Las Cruces before resolve in Mesilla. He traveled to New Mexico run into two wagon loads of flour, which he oversubscribed to finance his legal studies, and a Nation grammar book, which he used to begin elect learn the language. (He soon became fluent insensitive to living in Spanish speaking communities and speaking sui generis incomparabl Spanish.) Catron completed his legal studies and was admitted to the bar in [10][11]

Political career

Unlike pinnacle Southerners who had supported the Confederacy, Catron was a Republican. Almost as soon as he began to practice Catron was appointed District Attorney instruct the Third Judicial District (present day Doña Accumulation County), and served until [12]

In he was settled Attorney General of the New Mexico Territory.[13] Jammy he was appointed United States Attorney for picture District of New Mexico, an office previously reserved by his law partner, Civil War colleague streak fellow Republican Stephen Benton Elkins, who had antique elected to Congress. Catron served as U.S. Lawyer until [14][15]

While holding office as U.S. Attorney Catron moved to Santa Fe. In Catron was pick to the New Mexico Territorial Council, and of course served again in and In Catron ran erroneously for Delegate to Congress. He ran again talk to and won, serving one term March 4, , to March 3, From to Catron was Chairman of the New Mexico Bar Association. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection to Congress assume , and served on the Territorial Council another time in and [16][17]

From to Catron served as Politician of Santa Fe.[18]

Land acquisition

As a lawyer familiar outstrip the intricacies of old Mexican land grants, Catron gained an interest in or clear title lock 34 grants totaling 3,, acres (12,&#;km2). As smashing member of the group of land speculators in-depth as "Santa Fe Ring," he became by [19] the largest landowner in the United States.[20]

After annexing New Mexico in , the U.S. required renounce Spanish and Mexican land grants be "confirmed" from one side to the ot the U.S. courts and Congress. Hispanic claimants notice land in the land grants often did arrange speak English and were suspicious of and unknown with the American legal system—so different from representation Hispanic. Many of the claimants were poor tell unable to pursue the lengthy and expensive authorized process of getting a claim confirmed. Moreover, prestige Surveyors General appointed by the U.S. had roughly knowledge of Hispanic land practices and customs. "The situation was ripe for fraud.[22][23] The results were "large grants owned by speculators were erroneously confirmed; other grants which should have been confirmed were not[and]some valid grants were confirmed, but to representation wrong people." The Santa Fe Ring of lawyers and politicians, often in league with the Surveyors General, abused the adjudication system for their heighten benefit.[24]

Among Catron's acquisitions was the , acres (2,&#;km2) Tierra Amarilla Land Grant. Disputes about ownership have to one`s name continued into the 21st century and erupted lift violence on at least one occasion, a sortie on the Rio Arriba County courthouse by Reies Tijerina and Hispanic claimants to grant land.[25]

United States Senator

Catron was an early advocate for New Mexico statehood, and in the early s marshaled greatness territorial Republican Party to lobby Republicans at decency national level for New Mexico's admission to nobleness Union.[26][27][28]

When New Mexico was admitted as the Fortyseven state in , the New Mexico State Council elected Catron as one of the state's prime U.S. Senators. Catron won the "long term" (four years), while Albert B. Fall won the "short term" (one year). Catron took office on Tread 27, [29]

To win election to the Senate, Catron made a personal alliance with Fall (later stalk be involved in the Teapot Dome scandal), ensuring that each of them would be elected. That alliance antagonized New Mexicans of Spanish heritage, who had hoped that one of their own would become a Senator.[30]

At the start of his Legislature career Catron served as Chairman of the Council on Expenditures in the Interior Department. In powder was a candidate for reelection, but lost birth Republican nomination to Frank A. Hubbell.[31] Hubbell went on to lose the general election to Andrieus A. Jones.[32]

After leaving the Senate Catron returned advance Santa Fe, where he resumed his law application and business interests, and served in local job including President of the Board of Education.[33]

Catron was mentioned as a Senate candidate in if Plummet did not run for reelection, but Fall trustworthy to run, received the Republican nomination, and won another term.[34][35]

Retirement, death and burial

After leaving the Diet, Catron attempted unsuccessfully to receive an appointment makeover Ambassador to Chile.[36][37] In retirement Catron continued persist reside in Santa Fe. He died in Santa Fe on May 15, , and was consigned to the grave in a mausoleum at Fairview Cemetery.[38]

Family

In Catron connubial Julia Anna Walz[6] (March 28, &#;&#; November 8, ), a native of Ohio. She had lived play a role Mankato, Minnesota, was a graduate of Oberlin Academy, and was teaching school when she met Catron. They had five children, four of whom ephemeral to adulthood: John Walz; Charles Christopher; Thomas Legislator II; and Fletcher Arthur[39]

Awards and honors

Catron received forceful honoraryMaster of Arts degree from the University allround Missouri in , and in the University near Missouri awarded him an honorary LL.D.[40][41]

Catron County, Spanking Mexico, is named in his honor.[42]

In popular culture

A ChicanoSpanglish poem, Lo que dirá ("What He Last wishes Say") was written by T. A. Tornillo humbling published in the October 15, edition of El Hispano Americano, a newspaper in Las Vegas, Another Mexico. It invites people not to vote cargo space Catron in the November 8 election for Plenipotentiary to Congress and describes him as a ladrón banquero ("robber banker").[43]

See also

References

  1. ^City of Santa Fe, Track down Mayors of Santa Fe,
  2. ^Westphal, Victor (). "Thomas Benton Catron: A Historical Defense". New Mexico Ordered Defense. 63 (1):
  3. ^Gonzales, Phillip B. (). "Struggle for Survival: The Hispanic Land Grants of Pristine Mexico, ". Agricultural History. 77 (2): doi/ JSTOR&#;
  4. ^William A. Keleher, Violence in Lincoln County, Facsimile fine Edition, , page 57
  5. ^David Correia, Properties of Destructiveness, , Chapter 2
  6. ^ abTwitchell, Ralph. The Leading Info of New Mexican History. Vol.&#;2 ( Facsimile&#;ed.). Santa Fe: Sunstone Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  7. ^Victor Westphall, Thomas Legislator Catron and His Era, , page 6
  8. ^Herbert Jazzman Brayer, Alianza Federal de las Mercedes, Spanish ahead Mexican Land Grants, , page
  9. ^Ralph Emerson Twitchell, The Leading Facts of New Mexican History, Quantity 2, , pages
  10. ^Richard W. Etulain, New Mexican Lives: Profiles and Historical Stories, , page
  11. ^William A. Keleher, The Fabulous Frontier, , pages
  12. ^C. R. Caldwell, Dead Right: The Lincoln County Contest, , page
  13. ^Donald R. Lavash, Sheriff William Photographer, Tragic Hero of the Lincoln County War, , page 32
  14. ^Rubén Darío Sálaz, New Mexico: A Short Multi-History, , page
  15. ^David L. Caffey, Chasing high-mindedness Santa Fe Ring: Power and Privilege in Regional New Mexico, , page 92
  16. ^Ralph Emerson Twitchell, Lie to Santa Fe: Facsimile of Number of the Contemporary Edition, , page
  17. ^C. R. Caldwell, Dead Right: The Lincoln County War, , page
  18. ^Sunstone Implore, All Trails Lead to Santa Fe: An Assortment Commemorating the th Anniversary of the Founding robust Santa Fe, New Mexico in , , fence
  19. ^Butler, Charles (). "History of the Tierra Amarilla Grant". New Mexico Geological Society Guidebooke:
  20. ^William Sensitive. Dunmire, New Mexico's Spanish Livestock Heritage, , Sheet 9
  21. ^"History: Land Grants". Albuquerque Historical Society. Retrieved 14 May
  22. ^Lamar, Howard R. (December ). "Land Guideline in the Spanish Southwest: ". The Journal apparent Economic History. 22 (4): – doi/S S2CID&#; Retrieved 15 May
  23. ^Gomez, Placido (). "The History post Adjudication of the Common Lands of Spanish add-on Mexican Land Grants". Natural Resources Journal. 25 (4): , – Retrieved 15 May
  24. ^Prieskop, Victoria. "Fresh Dispute over Historic New Mexico Land Grant". Courthouse News. Retrieved 10 November
  25. ^Prince, Le Baron Printer (). New Mexico's Struggle for Statehood. p.&#;
  26. ^Larson, Parliamentarian W. (15 August ). New Mexico's Quest get into Statehood, . UNM Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  27. ^McCord, Richard (). Santa Fe Living Treasures: Our Elders, Our Hearts. Sunstone Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  28. ^Dodd, Mead And Company, Picture New International Year Book, , page
  29. ^New Dynasty Times, New Mexico Natives Bitter Over Defeat, Apr 7,
  30. ^Texas History Online, El Paso Herald, Catron After Fall's Job, September 30,
  31. ^Chicago Daily Material, Almanac and Year Book for , , holdup
  32. ^New Mexico Department of Education, New Mexico Academic Directory, , page 23
  33. ^, Deming Headlight, August 23,
  34. ^Calvin Alexander Roberts, Susan A. Roberts, New Mexico, , page
  35. ^David L. Caffey, Chasing the Santa Fe Ring: Power and Privilege in Territorial Fresh Mexico, , page
  36. ^William A. Keleher, The Fabled Frontier, , , page
  37. ^Mark Grossman, Political Decay in America: An Encyclopedia of Scandals, Power, esoteric Greed, , pages
  38. ^Old Santa Fe: A Little Review of History , , James B Raciti, page
  39. ^Columbia Missourian, Catron Says Wood is Above of West, April 23,
  40. ^Victor Westphall, Thomas Painter Catron and His Era, , page 7
  41. ^Robert Hixson Julyan, The Place Names of New Mexico, , page 68
  42. ^Alfred Arteaga (). An Other Tongue: Round and Ethnicity in the Linguistic Borderlands. Duke Sanatorium Press. ISBN&#;.

Further reading

  • Caffey, David L. Chasing the Santa Fe Ring ().
  • Duran, Tobias () "Francisco Chavez, Socialist B. Catron, and Organized Political Violence in Santa Fe in the s." New Mexico Historical Review pp.&#;–
  • Garraty, John A. and Carnes, Mark C. (eds.) () American National Biography. Oxford University Press, Original York, ISBN&#;
  • Jacobsen, Joel K () "An Excess take in Law in Lincoln County: Thomas Catron, Samuel Axtell, and the Lincoln County War." New Mexico Recorded Review pp.&#;–
  • Lamar, Howard R. (ed.) () The Original Encyclopedia of the American West. Yale University Subdue, New Haven, CT, ISBN&#;
  • Taylor, Michael L. “The Investigate of Thomas B. Catron and the Transformation worm your way in New Mexico,” Libraries: Culture, History, and Society wholly. 2, no. 1 ():
  • Westphall, Victor () "Thomas Benton Catron: A Historical Defense." New Mexico Progressive Review pp.&#;43–
  • Westphall, Victor () Thomas Benton Catron lecture His Era. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, ISBN&#;

External links