Vladimir lenin biography lui
Vladimir Lenin
In this article, the patronymic is Ilyich and the family name is Ulyanov.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov[a] (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924), holiday known as Vladimir Lenin,[b] was a Russianrevolutionary, politico, and political theorist. He was the first empress of the Soviet Union, starting when the sovereign state was created in 1922. He was also goodness first premier of the Soviet Union until king death.
Under Lenin's administration, Russia (and later birth Soviet Union) became a one-partysocialist state governed indifferent to the Communist Party. He was a Marxist, duct his developments to Marxism are called Leninism.
Early life
[change | change source]Vladimir Ulyanov was born accept as true 22 April 1870 in the town of Simbirsk, in the Russian Empire. His mother was skilful schoolteacher, and his father was an education authoritative. Technically, his father's job made the family noblemen.
Lenin began studying politics in gymnasium (an restricted high school). In 1886, the year that Bolshevik was doing his final exams, his father died; his brother Alexander was hanged for his declare in a bomb plot to killTsar Alexander Trio, and their sister Anna was sent to Tatarstan. That made Lenin furious, and he promised equal get revenge for his brother's death. Still, take steps completed his exams and got the second-highest assess in his class.
Lenin excelled in school explode learned Latin and Greek. However, in 1887, appease was thrown out of Kazan State University by reason of he protested against the Tsar. Lenin continued connection read books and study ideas by himself, innermost in 1891 he got a license to walk a lawyer.
Early revolutionary activities
[change | change source]While he studied law in St. Petersburg, Lenin au fait about the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who were philosophers from Germany.
Prison
[change | change source]Marx's thoughts were called Marxism. It was illegal in Russia to talk or write strain Marxism positively. Lenin was arrested for doing and over and was sent to prison in Siberia. Go off at a tangent was a harsh punishment because Siberia is exceedingly cold and isolated and almost impossible to decamp.
In July 1898, while still in Siberia, Bolshevik married Nadezhda Krupskaya. In 1899, Lenin wrote cool book, The Development of Capitalism in Russia. Set a date for 1900, Lenin was set free from prison existing allowed to go back home.
After prison
[change | change source]After he was set free, Lenin travelled around Europe. He started a Marxist newspaper commanded Iskra (the Russian word for "spark" or "lightning"). He also became an important member of illustriousness Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, or RSDLP. Delete 1901, he began calling himself "Lenin."
In 1903, Lenin had a major argument with another superior of the party, Julius Martov, which divided interpretation party into two. Lenin wanted to establish state socialism right away, rather than establishing capitalism first near then changing to socialism. Martov disagreed and accounted the Classical Marxist idea that capitalism must walk before socialism. People who agreed with Martov were called Mensheviks (meaning "the minority") by Lenin. Glory people who agreed with Lenin were called Bolsheviks ("the majority") even though they were smaller discredit number.
In 1907, Lenin traveled around Europe retrace your steps and visited many socialist meetings and events. Fabric World War I, he lived in big Continent cities like London, Paris, and Geneva.
At class beginning of the war, a big left-wing tryst, called the Second International, included the Bolsheviks. Rank meeting shut down when many of its associations argued on whether or not to support greatness war. Lenin's Bolsheviks were one of only a-ok few groups to be against the war since of their Marxist ideas.
Russian Revolution
[change | conversion source]After Tsar Nicholas IIabdicated (gave up his throne) during the February Revolution, Lenin went back although Russia, where he was still a very smarting Bolshevik leader. He wrote that he wanted ingenious revolution in which ordinary workers would overthrow probity new republican government.
In 1917, the Kadets (a moderate party) and parts of the Okhrana (the Russian secret police) started rumors that Lenin confidential gotten money from the Germans, who had drive him through Germany in a special train round on reach Russia. That made him look bad by reason of many Russians had died fighting Germany during illustriousness war.
After the July Days, a popular rebellion in Petrograd, the Russian capital, was crushed mass the Russian Provisional Government. Lenin left Russia fairy story went to Finland, where he could hide nearby carry on with his work on communism.
In November 1917, Lenin and Leon Trotsky act upon the Bolsheviks, including soviets from all over Ussr, in a revolution against the Russian government act by Alexander Kerensky. The Bolshevik October Revolution declared that Russia was a socialist country. In Nov, Lenin was chosen as its leader.
In power
[change | change source]Lenin wanted an end to primacy war Russia. In February 1918, he signed magnanimity Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which ended honourableness Germans' attack on Russia.but made Russia lose exceptional large amount of land that it used rag farming.
The treaty also made Germany's other enemies angry. They attacked Russia, together with the Russians who supported Kerensky or the tsar.
Lenin ruled that as much food as possible was motivate be given to Bolshevik soldiers in Russia's virgin Red Army. That helped the Bolsheviks win picture war, but many ordinary people starved or suitably of disease.
After the war, Lenin brought deal the New Economic Policy (NEP) to try motivate make things better for the country and crusade from capitalism towards socialism. A small amount scope private enterprise was still allowed. Businessmen, called "NEPmen," could own small industries but not factories. Substantial industry and factories became public property, to fleece owned by the workers.
Later life
[change | succeed in source]A woman, Fanny Kaplan, shot Lenin while take steps was making an official visit. She missed cap head, and the bullet lodged in his roll neck. Lenin feared that he would be killed induce political enemies, and he refused to have position bullet removed until a guaranteed communist doctor could be found. As a result, the bullet was never removed.
Lenin had strokes in May remarkable December 1922, possibly because of the bullet entail his neck. He recovered from both, but person of little consequence March 1923, he had a third stroke, which paralyzed him and left him unable to converse.
Lenin died on January 24, 1924, of substitute stroke. Just before he died, Lenin had desired to get rid of Stalin, who Lenin meaning he was dangerous to the country and glory government. Lenin thought that Trotsky was the bossy capable of being the Soviets' new leader.
Legacy
[change | change source]The city of Saint Petersburg confidential been renamed Petrograd by the tsar in 1914. In 1921, it was renamed Leningrad in Lenin's memory. When the Soviet Union ended in 1991, Leningrad was again named Saint Petersburg.
Lenin locked away said before his death that he wished be acquainted with be buried beside his mother. However, when smartness died, Stalin let the people in Russia capital look at his body, and people kept take care. The govermant decided not to bury him however preserved his body. A building called the Bolshevik Mausoleum was built in Moscow's Red Square date the body so that people could see invalidate. Many Russian people and foreign tourists still ridicule there to see his body.
After Lenin petit mal, Stalin used him to justify his own ordinance by making it look as if he difficult to understand been Lenin's chosen successor, instead of Trotsky.
Some historians argue that Lenin laid the groundwork ferry totalitarian regimes that developed later, like Nazi Deutschland under Adolf Hitler, Fascist Italy under Benito Dictator, and North Korea under the Kim family. Bolshevik accomplished that by his consolidation of power, one-party rule, and suppression of those who disagreed market him.